Tin Ore
Tin mining began early in the Bronze Age, as bronze is a copper-tin alloy. Tin is a relatively rare element in the Earth’s crust, with approximately 2 ppm (parts per million), compared to iron with 50,000 ppm.
Tin extraction and use can be dated to the beginnings of the Bronze Age around 3000 BCE, when it was observed that copper objects formed of polymetallic ores with different metal contents had different physical properties.
In the Far East, the tin belt stretching from Yunnan in China to the Malay Peninsula began being exploited sometime between the third and second millennium BC. The deposits in Yunnan were not mined until around 700 BC, but by the Han Dynasty had become the main source of tin in China according to historical texts of the Han, Jin, Tang, and Song dynasties.
Other regions of the world developed tin mining industries at a much later date. In Africa, the Bantu culture extracted, smelted and exported tin between the 11th and 15th centuries AD, in the Americas tin exploitation began around 1000 AD, and in Australia it began with the arrival of Europeans in the 17th century.
Tin Ingot
Tin is an essential element in today’s quality of life, used in a diverse range of products. Most products use very small quantities of tin, with the most important applications being in electronics, transport, and packaging.
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Tin Solders
Tin has long been used in alloys with lead as solder, in amounts 5 to 70% w/w. Tin with lead forms a eutectic mixture at the weight proportion of 61.9% tin and 38.1% lead (the atomic proportion: 73.9% tin and 26.1% lead), with melting temperature of 183 °C (361.4 °F) . Such solders are primarily used for joining pipes or electric circuits. Since the European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) and Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive came into effect on 1 July 2006, the lead content in such alloys has decreased. Replacing lead has many problems, including a higher melting point, and the formation of tin whiskers causing electrical problems. Tin pest can occur in lead-free solders, leading to loss of the soldered joint. Replacement alloys are rapidly being found, although problems of joint integrity remain.
Tin Chemicals
Tin chemicals used in industry fall into two main classes: inorganic tin chemicals and organic tin chemical compounds which contain at least one bond between tin and carbon. Compounds containing an organic anion in the molecule, but not containing tin-carbon bonds, are here referred to as inorganic compounds. The applications of these two classes of compound tend to be separate although there is some overlap in a few cases. In recent years, the consumption of tin has fallen somewhat, but tin chemicals continue to be an important outlet for the metal and with some recent developments, for example in the field of fire retardants, this area of use may show some growth.
| Organic Product | Chemical Formula | CAS No. |
|---|---|---|
| Methyl Tin Mercaptide | C22H44O4S2Sn 80% | 57583-35-4 |
| C31H60O6S3Sn 20% | ||
| Tetrabutyl Tin (TBT) | (C4H9)4Sn or Bu4Sn | 1461-25-2 |
| Monobutyltin Trichloride (MBTC) | C4H9SnCl3 or BuSnCl3 | 1118-46-3 |
| Dibutyltin Oxide (DBTO) | (C4H9)2SnO or Bu2SnO | 818-08-6 |
| Monobutyltin Oxide (MBTO) | C4H10OSn | 51590-67-1 |
| Butyltin Mercaptide | C4H10OSSn | 26410-42-4 |
| Inorganic Product | Chemical Formula | CAS No. |
|---|---|---|
| Stannic Oxide (thermalization) | SnO2 | 18282-10-5 |
| Stannic Oxide (acid) | SnO2 | 18282-10-5 |
| Stannous Sulphate | SnSO4 | 7488-55-3 |
| Stannous Oxide | SnO | 21651-19-4 |
| Stannous Chloride Dihydrate | SnCl2.2H2O | 10025-69-1 |
| Stannous Chloride Anhydrous | SnCl2 | 7772-99-8 |
| Stannic Chloride Pentahydrate | SnCl4.5H2O | 10026-06-9 |
| Stannic Chloride Anhydrous | SnCl4 | 7646-78-8 |
| Sodium Stannate 42% | Na2Sn(OH)6 | 12027-70-2 |
| Sodium Stannate 36.5% | Na2Sn(OH)6 | 12027-70-2 |
| Metastannic Acid | H2SnO3 | 13472-47-4 |
| Potassium Stannate | K2SnO3.3H2O | 12142-33-5 |
| Zinc Stannate | ZnSnO3 | 12036-37-2 |
| Zinc Stannate Hydroxy | ZnSn(OH)6 | 12027-96-2 |
| Stannous Octoate | Sn(OCOC7H15)2 | 301-10-0 |
| Stannous Pyrophosphate | Sn2P2O7 | 15578-26-4 |
Base Metals
We also trade other LME Registered or off-spec brand base metals.
For more info, pls refer to https://www.lme.com/
Producing Equipments
We could also provide automatically or semi automatically tin ball, bar, wire etc processing machines.